Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) is transforming disease diagnosis by enabling comprehensive analysis of genetic material. This advanced technology deciphers DNA and RNA sequences with unparalleled speed and accuracy, uncovering genetic mutations, variations, and biomarkers linked to diseases. NGS is vital for diagnosing genetic disorders, identifying cancer-driving mutations, and detecting infectious pathogens. Its high-throughput capability allows for personalized medicine, guiding targeted therapies and improving patient outcomes. By offering a deeper understanding of disease mechanisms, NGS is a cornerstone of modern diagnostics, driving advancements in early detection, risk assessment, and treatment strategies across a broad range of medical conditions.